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African Day at the Mall of America

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Saturday October 6th was the close out day for the Pan African Trade and Investment Summit, fittingly titled African Day. A few friends and I rode on the light rail to the Mall of America where the celebration was taking place. On any given day, the Mall of America – the nations largest retail and entertainment complex – is a buzz with hundreds and hundreds of people. It is the kind of place that magnifies the life and culture of America, and to intergrate that with African culture and style was significantly monumental.

I knew we were running a little late, but I was determined to be a part of the day and festivities. I didn’t really have an idea of what to expect as I walked through the mall entrance toward the rotunda where the event was taking place.

It was a wonderful surprise to hear the sound of African beats way before I got to the rotunda. Jabali Afrika, a Kenyan music group that consists of four young men, was on stage entertaining a large crowd with beautiful African drum beats. We made our way to an empty space to get a better view. The group was dressed in traditional maasai print costumes and were expertly playing different beats on various percussion instruments. There was clapping and cheering as Jabali Afrika performed and invited a few people to join in the dancing  on stage. Floor upon floor of the mall was lined with people looking in on the celebration while advertently moving to the African beat.

There was a feeling of warmth, joy, celebration, home in the atmosphere as people mingled and interacted with each other. There were families present, kids dancing gleefully as the parents contentedly enjoyed the entertainment.

There were booths too lined with different African arts, crafts, accessories, travel guides, catering service information, tea, coffee and books for Africa. The days celebration which started at twelve were also inclusive of a fashion show by Nyamal Both, contemporary African dance by dancers from Uganda and Congo, as well as poetry and spoken word by Abiola from Nigeria.

Though the event ended at four in the evening, the days celebrations continued way into the night at the Blue Nile Restuarant. Babu, a Kenyan DJ based in New Jersey, fused old school tracks, African music, Reggae, Soul and Hip-hop music that left an enthused eclectic crowd hot and worn out from dancing.

African Day turned out to be a heart warming memorable day, and a huge success to its’ sponsors, Mshale, Kilimanjaro Entertainment and the group of organisers of Pan African Trade and Investment Summit.        

Ukrainian Outruns Kenyans to Capture Twin Cities Marathon

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MINNEAPOLIS/ST.PAUL — The day that would upset Kenyan runners began just before 8a.m on Sunday, as thousands of warmed up runners gathered behind the start line at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, anxiously awaiting the start of the 26th Twin Cities Marathon.

First there was the U.S. national anthem, followed by a brief moment of silence, the blaring sound of a horn and then the sound of the running feet of the marathoners amid wild cheers from thousands of spectators.
   
Riding through the course of the race it’s difficult to refute claims by organizers of the Twin Cities Marathon that it’s “The Most Beautiful Urban Marathon in America.” The route, which boasts of landmarks such as The Basilica of Saint Mary, The Walker Art Center, The Governor’s Mansion and Cathedral Hill, also navigates through lakes Calhoun, Harriet and Nokomis, providing stunning views of downtown Minneapolis. Various shades of orange and red fall colored leaves of trees lining the roads of Minnehaha Parkway and River Road add a sense of serenity to the course yet at the same time cheering crowds energize the runners.

But just like a beautiful rose, this beautiful event had its thorns. The 72-degree temperature at start of the race set a new record. The heat combined with 80 percent humidity made for a very uncomfortable run, even for the Kenyans, who are stereotyped to be from a country many degrees hotter. The only runners who seemed oblivious to the heat were 2004 runner up Ukrainian Mykola Antonenko, and Russian Svetlana Ponomarenko, who easily claimed the men’s and women’s titles respectively. 

In the men’s race, 2004 winner Augustus Kavutu Mbusya kept his former rival in check at the beginning of the race, but eight miles in Antonenko broke away from a pack of about nine Kenyans.

That was the last time they would see him.

Antonenko continued to widen the gap between himself and his competitors by running each subsequent mile in less than 5 minutes and only slowed down after 21 miles at the legendary climb up Summit Ave. Antonenko got to the finish line at Capital Hill in 2:13:54 – a whopping six minutes and eighteen seconds ahead of Kenya’s Joseph Mutinda.

Antonenko burst through the finish line with a big smile and fist in the air, obviously pleased with his victory, but said that he did not reach his goal of 2:11 due to the lack of pressure from the competition he had left far behind.

Mutinda, who is a member of the SantaFe based AmeriKenyan Running Club, said the humidity was a hindrance. Mutinda also said he experienced delays in getting a visa, which meant that he was still jet lagged having just arrived on Thursday. A hamstring injury was also another factor, he said. At the 20-mile mark, he was in fourth place, but after 23 miles he “pushed” himself into second place.

“Ukiona mtu anakuja na mbio hivyo kutoka nyuma humfuati,” (When you see someone come from behind you with that much speed you don’t follow him), joked third-placed Mbusya about Mutinda’s dash to the end.

For all the joking among the Kenyan runners, Mbusya became serious when talking about Antonenko.

“Tulidhani tutamshika, next time hatutamwacha. Tutamshikilia mpaka mwisho,” (We thought we would catch up with him. Next time we won’t let him go, we will stay with him to the end), said Mbusya, who vowed to reclaim his title next year.

In the women’s race Sharon Cherop and Svetlana Ponomarenko ran neck and neck, but after the half mark Ponomarenko took off to cinch the women’s title in 2:34:9. Twenty-three year old Cherop, running her first marathon ever, impressively held on to the second spot only to be pushed into third place by another Russian, Alena Vinitskaya, a well known strong finisher. Cherop crossed the finish line at 2:38:45, just 23 seconds behind Vinitskaya, and fell into the arms of Vanessa Robinson, secretary of the AmeriKenyan Running Club.

TCM first timer Lillian Chelimo, also a member of the AmeriKenyan Running Club, finished sixth and said that she was pleased with her performance.

“I didn’t like that there were so many hills, but when I come back next year I will be very familiar with the course,” she said.

For the third time in row, Somali-born Olympian Abdi Abdirahman claimed the U.S.A. Men’s 10-mile title with his time of 47:43. Kenyan-born Mbarak Hussein, who won the marathon in 2005 and 2006, ran the 10 mile and finished seventh.

“I am used to running marathons so the 10 mile was too short to make a serious move,” he said.

Nonetheless, he chose not to run the marathon because he just ran one a month ago in Osaka, Japan and was training for the Olympic trials in New York next month. He said he hoped to be at the Olympics next year, which will be going on during the 2008 Twin Cities Marathon.

“If not, I will be here to win,” Hussein said.

While the humidity was discouraging, the majority of the runners agreed that some support would have been encouraging. Notably missing in action were cheering African fans. No one waved their flags across the course and no one was cheering at the finish line.

“In Germany there were many Nandi ladies along the streets, and in London there were many Kikuyus,” said Fred Mogaka, a first timer at the marathon. “Here I did not see even one person!”

Mogaka, who won the Los Angeles Marathon in March, dropped out at approximately 20 miles due to lower back pain, as did the 2007 Grandma’s female marathon winner, Nigerian-born Mary Okor. 

But these runners’ efforts were not in vain. The top ten finishers get cash rewards meaning that for the men, Mutinda will be awarded $15,000, Mbusya will get $10,000, David Chepkwony $7,000,  Steve Muturi $5,000, Isaac Arusei $5,000, Ethiopian Abebe Yimer $4,000 and Thomas Omwenga $3,000. For the women Cherop will get $10,000 and Chelimo $4,000. 

Pan-African Investment Summit Concludes With ‘African Day’

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BLOOMINGTON, Minn. – The loud screams of people riding the Mall of America’s roller coasters were almost inaudible as Africans danced and drummed at the mall’s rotunda to celebrate African Day.

The celebration was the last day of the recently-concluded Pan African Trade and Investment Summit, which started on Oct. 4 at the University of Minnesota’s Hubert Humphrey Institute of Public Affair. The summit presented an opportunity for Minnesotan companies to learn about the growing African economy and the numerous opportunities for investment.

Saturday’s event celebrated African culture by showcasing various aspects ranging from fashion, to art and crafts, to music and dance. Roxane Battle, a former news anchor with Minnesotan local television station KARE 11, was the MC of the historical African Day. Battle marveled at the energy of the participants and attendants.

“This is marvelous, there were three tiers of people watching the African culture exposed to everyone,” Battle said.

While many people came to the mall specifically for the event, the festivities caught the attention of hundreds of shoppers who streamed by. Many of them watched from the upper levels of the mall. Holly Anderson was one such shopper. Anderson lived in Kenya for a year and was wearing a Kenyan T-shirt when she coincidentally came across the celebrations.

“It (African Day) made me miss Kenya,” Anderson said.

Abiola Lepe mesmerized the audience with her eloquence in prose. Reciting a poem on her identity as an individual, and then as an Nigerian woman living in the United States, Lepe demonstrated the perseverance of an African woman living in a new land and facing her challenges head on.

“I am a huge fan of Africans getting together,” she said after her performance.

Fashion designer Nyamal Both had a great opportunity to showcase her innovative and vibrant creations. A fusion of African fabric and style, Both’s design offers a contemporary style to Africans and non-Africans as well. Her use of color, an African design characteristic made her clothes striking and appealing.

Many people interviewed after the fashion show commended Both for using African models representing the full spectrum of African women body types with different shades of brown.  

“Extremely innovative, bold and daring,” said Norine Riziki.

Nyapai Kek and Earl Lovelace, both models at the fashion show were delighted to wear Both’s clothes and to showcase her art to the rest of Minnesota.

“I am glad we had an opportunity to give a positive perspective on Africa and Africans,” said Lovelace.

A dance troupe comprising of three young African college students – Ugandan cousins, Samali and Diana Senyana, and Congolese Lidia – entertained with dances from their countries. Their style led them to call their group CU, and abbreviation of Congo and Uganda.

There was more dancing with International dance troupe – Jabali Afrika. Originally from Kenya, Jabali Afrika prides itself in performing African music and presenting it as an art, said Victor Savani, one of the band members.

Karen Sorbo, a professional auctioneer, said she had been looking forward to the event.

“I have always supported the African community,” Sorbo said. “African music and dance, culture has always been in my heart, so my heart gravitated towards this event.”

But entertainment was not the only feature of the African culture on display. Several curio vendors set up camp at the mall, showcasing and selling African arts and crafts. From jewelry to wood carvings, everything was reminiscent of a rich African culture. Other table stands included information on tourist destinations and Books for Africa, an organization that donates and ships books to Africa. A big screen television showed tourist attractions in Kenya.

Take Risk or Lose, U.S. Official Tellls Pan-African Summit

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MINNEAPOLIS – Holly Vineyard’s message to her attentive audience at the Pan-African Trade and Investment Summit, held at the University of Minnesota’s Hubert Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, was clear: Do not wait for “a perfect market.”

The U.S Department of Commerce’s Deputy Assistant for Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, said two-way trade between the United States and African businesses is growing exponentially and will continue to do so.

Citing the World Bank’s Doing Business report, in which Africa was among the top three reforming regions and Ghana and Tanzania featuring among the top ten global reformers, she urged the audience to take advantage of growing opportunities while they are easily available. It is for this reason the U.S. government was increasing the trade with Africa, she said.

Between 2002 and 2006, the United States’ trade with African countries grew by 80 percent to approximately $90 billion.

“The Millennium Challenge Corporation has awarded three of its largest contracts to Africa and we are working with the African Development Bank to make sure that many of the opportunities go to the U.S. and not only the French,” she said, drawing laughter from the crowd.

Addressing the notion that Africa is a risky place to do businesses, Vineyard said, “If you wait for the perfect market you are going to face perfect competition.” 

Nonetheless, the agencies of both the U.S. and African governments were taking great strides to reduce the risks for investors. International Property Rights (IPRs) are one such risk, Vineyard said.

“No one wants to go into a country only to have their investments ripped off,” she said.

She explained that pirating of a wide range of commodities such as movies from Hollywood is a big problem on the continent, but also noted that now pirated African goods are coming from Asia. Currently USAID and AGOA are working on a program to protect IPRs, but Vineyard advised investors to look at where countries stand in terms of IPRs before investing.

As far as sectors to invest go, Vineyard said that franchising was a good start for those with limited resources.

“The franchising potential in Africa hasn’t been tapped. And when I mention franchising, please don’t only think of food!” she chided.

Referring to the announcement by Google to go into Kenya to build their own broadband, Vineyard noted that telecommunications present great investments opportunities too. For Minnesotans, she recommended medical equipment.

 “The largest medical equipment companies in the world are in Minnesota. We need only think of the wealth of nations, but also the health of nations,” she said.

Vineyard encouraged Africans in at the convention to participate in the trade as importers.

“Sometimes your best bet for selling to the US is through people you know. Figure out who’s active and who’s interested,” she advised.

Tanzanian Consul Unveils $100 Million Project

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MINNEAPOLIS – An ambitious $100 million project dubbed “World Trade Center Great Lakes & Kilimanjaro International” is to be built in Northern Tanzania, an official said.

Kjell Bergh, Tanzania’s Minnesota-based consul for trade and investment promotion, said three Tanzanian investors were involved in the project and would partner with the Tanzanian government.

Speaking at the Pan African Trade and Investment Summit, a three-day conference at the University of Minnesota, Bergh said 5,000 acres of land had been set aside for the project. It will have a University complex, a conference center, hotel complex, a golf course and an enterprise-processing center for exports.

About investment opportunities in Tanzania, the consul said since independence in 1961, Tanzania had gone from one of the 20 poorest countries in the world to one of the most promising. Quoting a recent African Competitiveness Report issued by Harvard University, “Tanzania topped the improvement index.”

 “A recent World Bank/IMF study showed the country as the most improved in terms of business climate,” Bergh said.

The country’s committed investment in education has enabled the number of Universities in Tanzania to jump from one at independence to more than 20 today.

“The creation of the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange has helped revitalize the Tanzanian economy, generating fresh capital for established and emerging firms,” Bergh said. “Between 1990 and 2005, approximately $10.2 billion in foreign direct investment helped create 3,531 projects, creating more than 500,000 direct and indirect jobs”.

In March, the World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies and the UN Conference on Trade and Development named the Tanzania Investment Center, the one-stop investment processing facility, the best in the world. The center assists investors in dealing with all government agencies and cutting red tape.

In terms of foreign investment, $ 475 million was invested in Tanzania in 2006, mainly in the mining and tourism sectors. Direct foreign investment is projected to increase to $550 million.

Investors are assured of the safety of their investments, as Tanzania is a member of Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency and International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes. The country further enjoys a peaceful and stable democratic form of government.

Heavy Agricultural Subsidies in the West Hamper Economic Growth in Africa

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MINNEAPOLIS – Dean J. Brian Atwood of the Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota urged Western governments to revisit their economic policies, especially their offer of huge agricultural subsidies to their farmers, which he said hinder growth in Africa.

Atwood was addressing conference attendees on the last formal day of the Pan African Trade Summit, which has been going on at the university since Thursday.

While Atwood agreed that he was in support of more trade than aid, he acknowledged that some African countries have very limited economic growth as a result needed aid. However, he cautioned, foreign companies seeking to invest in Africa to do business ethically.

“In the absence of human growth development, poor infrastructure and rule of law among other things, it is difficult to convince an American company to invest in Africa,” he said.

Atwood also urged foreign investors to look beyond the traditional resources for exploitation. He cited Rwanda, a country that has recovered from the 1994 genocide to make steady strides in economic growth by developing the internet industry.

As had been echoed by many speakers throughout the summit, Atwood stressed the importance of an economically empowered middle class.

“A country cannot depend on only low wages,” he said.

Speaking on diversification of African commodities to enhance economic growth, Atwood cited Nigerian use of cassava. For many years, Nigeria, which is the world’s largest producer of cassava, had only one use for it – to make Gari, a cassava-based staple bread. Now, Nigeria has found that there is a market to export cassava to Europe for making cassava chips and that they can produce starch from cassava instead of importing it.

When someone in the audience noted that many Western multinationals do not practice social responsibility and wondered on ways to make them accountable, Atwood agreed and urged the United Nations to take the initiative to place accountability measures in place.

On capacity building on African businesses and investors, Atwood said that the Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, subject to funding, was interested in taking an initiative to engage in trade training seminars.

Finally, Atwood criticized structural adjustment programs with Western financial institutions, which he insisted are crippling African economies. He continued to say that a country that demonstrates that it is on track to sound economic development should have its debts forgiven.

“These nations spend more money on servicing debts that were incurred in previous administrations, instead of building their economies,” Atwood said.

South African Trade Consul Promises Investors Breathtaking Opportunities

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MINNEAPOLIS – The eradication of apartheid and the existence of a government that promotes an open trade policy make South Africa the most suitable African country to invest in, according to the Trade/Economic Consul to the United States, Charles Manuel.

Manuel said South Africa had worked to market itself to foreign investors and as a result was experiencing a surge in economic growth. Over the past couple of years, foreign direct investment has increased eightfold to around 8 billion dollars, he said.

“South Africa is clearly one of the most powerful economies in Africa. Moreover, South Africa has the resident marketing skills and distribution channels imperative for commercial ventures into Africa,” Manuel said.

In a presentation to a group of potential investors at the Pan-African Trade and Investment Summit, Manuel highlighted the success of South African industries that include agro-processing, automotive, chemical and allied industries, electro technical, call centers, clothing and textiles, tourism and mining and metal industries.

Manuel cited South Africa’s sound economic environment and infrastructure as some of the reasons why investors should consider investing in there. He also mentioned that while South Africans made 8 percent of Africa’s population, 50 percent of the continent’s purchasing power could be attributed to South Africa.

Manuel expressed his excitement in intra-trade with other African countries.

“It is in South Africa’s interest that the economies of other African countries experience positive economic growth thus an establishment of a free trade zone in Africa is imperative.”

South Africa’s role in the recently established New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), a peer review group that allows African nations to steer and review each other’s economies, gives South Africa a strategic position to work with other African countries in plotting a course for economic growth and poverty eradication.

Inevitably, a member of the audience asked about the effects of South Africa’s economic growth with a large influx of refugees from Zimbabwe. Manuel said that despite reports in the international media, South Africa was actively involved in looking for ways to resolve Zimbabwe’s tragedy.

“Zimbabwe is like a brother to us,” Manuel said. “The South African government is doing everything it can to reconcile the opposition and the ruling party in Zimbabwe.”

Pan-African Summit: Gov. Pawlenty Urges Upgrade of America’s Perception of Africa

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African ambassadors and Minnesota-based investor echo governor’s call for an improved image of a stereotyped continent.
MINNEAPOLIS – Gov. Tim Pawlenty said earlier today that time was ripe for the upgrading of the image Americans have of Africa, a step he said would enhance investment and trade with the continent.

“The image Americans have of Africa is out of date,” Pawlenty said. 

Pawlenty urged leaders in both government and private sectors to make efforts to dispel the blanket perception that Africa is a continent laden with war, disease and famine. He asked Americans not to overlook rapid growth of African countries, many of which were growing at a rate “well above the rate of the U.S economy.” 

Pawlenty was speaking at the University of Minnesota’s Hubert Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, where business leaders, government officials from African countries and potential investors gathered for the Pan-African Trade and Investment Summit. The three-day conference was organized to be a platform to present trade and investment opportunities that exist in Africa.

Between 2002 and 2006, the United States’ trade with African countries grew by 80 percent to approximately $90 billion. Although the percentage is impressive, the dollar figure is still very low considering the continent’s population of nearly one billion people. Government officials and members of the private sector of African countries have in recent years increased their efforts to encourage developed countries to trade with and invest in Africa. The summit was a continuation of that quest.

Pawlenty said that understanding Africa and increasing trade and investment in the continent were also necessary for the security of the United States and a world that that, he said, was getting smaller.

“There is a basic desire for humans to be secure, but there can be no security without prosperity,” Pawlenty said.

Minnesota, which according to a U.S. Census report released in September saw the population of African immigrants residing in the state rise by 85 percent in this decade alone, was a great place to start the campaign to woo investor to Africa, Pawlenty said. 

The governor also revealed that his office was looking into the possibility of him leading a delegation to Africa within the next few years.

Speaking immediately after Pawlenty’s speech, Dan Dye, the president of Minnesota-based food and agricultural product company, Cargill, said stereotypes about Africa were a great obstacle impeding attempts to get Americans to invest in the continent. Dye said he had learned a lot from his summer visit to Africa, where Cargill does business in ten countries including South Africa, Ghana, Malawi, Egypt, Zambia, Kenya and Zimbabwe, among others.

Dye said that his company’s experience in Africa had taught him the importance of understanding the continent, and urged potential investors to do more research – rather than rely on stories and pictures alone.

“You have to be on the ground to experience it,” Dye said. “Pictures do not do Africa justice.” 

South Africa’s ambassador to the United States, Welile Nhlapo, and his Ghanaian counterpart, Kwame Bawuah-Edusei, also repeated the same call during their lunchtime speeches. Nhlapo said that Asians were already investing in Africa and asked Americans to follow suit.

“I urge you to be careful not to be left behind,” Nhlapo said. “Go and find out why others are going there.”

Bawuah-Edusei said that Africa was in transition from a continent that depended on handouts, to one that was self-reliant. But he said foreign investors could play an important role in making that transformation successful.

“What we need is the opportunity to work ourselves up with our dignity intact,” Bawuah-Edusei said.  “Let’s get over that old Tarzan mentality of Africa. We are open for business.”

The Pan-African Trade Summit continues tomorrow and ends on Saturday with an “Africa Day” of festivities at the Mall of America.

Ethiopians Celebrate the Second “African” Millennium

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Ethiopians Celebrate the Second “African” Millennium

Sept.12, 2006 was a big day for Ethiopians. It marked the beginning of the second millennium according to the Ethiopian calendar, also known as the Ge’ez calendar. Thousands of Ethiopians around the world gathered to celebrate the Ethiopian Millennium—which has also been dubbed the African millennium. 

The Ethiopian calendar is unique because it comprises 13 months. Twelve of the months have 30 days, while the last month has five days, except in a leap year when it has six days. The Ethiopian calendar, which is based on the ancient Julian calendar, is approximately seven years behind the Gregorian calendar that is used by most of the rest of the world.

A festive mood
In several locations around the Twin Cities, cultural celebrations and speeches for a better future were delivered by a hopeful and united Ethiopian community. The largest celebrations, however, were in St. Louis Park where hundreds gathered for a big festival to usher in the new millennium.

The excitement was contagious as friends and families laughed and talked as they ate injera and other traditional Ethiopian delicacies. Reminiscent of a parade, kids ran around with the Ethiopian flags, while teenagers wore T-shirts proclaiming their love for Ethiopia.

This event sees "for the first time in the history of our community, several religious, business and community organizations come together in the celebration of the New Year," said Tadael Emiru, one of the event’s organizers.

Lively traditional dances and songs were the highlight of the event as musicians and poets entertained.

The executive director of the Council of Black Minnesotans, Lester R. Collins called on the growing Minnesotan Ethiopian community to engage in dialog with the larger African community. The council, which was created to address the needs of Minnesotans of African descent, has over the years worked with not only the Ethiopian community, but also other African communities in addressing state and federal government policy issues such as immigration.

Tamene Melkamu, the president of the Ethiopian Community in Minnesota pointed out that while Ethiopians should embrace and highlight the success of their culture, it was also important to explore the future moving towards a “one Ethiopia.”

Yohannes Jejerso, a local Ethiopian musician was excited about the Ethiopian millennium. "This is a unique time in the making of history,” Jejerso said. “It is an opportunity to write a new history for our people."

He urged Ethiopians to think about what they had done as a community and create necessary changes.

In St. Paul, Fasika, a favorite for Ethiopian cuisine lovers, saw many new customers and veterans during the Millennium weekend.

“Although, we were kept on our feet all night, for many of our patrons this was a great way to experience our nation’s holiday with family and friends away from home,” said Atnafu Yeshidagne, the owner of the restaurant.

In True African Fashion, Nyamal Both Transcends

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RICHFIELD, Minn. — Nyamal Both gently sits on her couch and positions herself to accommodate the weight of her eight-month pregnancy. She closes her eyes, tilts her head back a little.
    
“So, how did I get here?” she wonders loudly.

She’s been through a lot. Too much for her tender age of 19. For this young and extremely talented Sudanese fashion designer life has been anything but an easy pass.

Her journey began in the Gambela region of Ethiopia, where she was born. As a child she had always had a creative streak.

“I was into ceramic art,” she recalls. “I made little people by putting shapes together.”

Like any 5-year-old, Both had always wanted to see the city. She was excited when she finally got a chance to go visit an aunt in Addis Ababa. As she bade her family farewell, it did not occur to her that she would never go back – that she would end up in the United States.

Both was too young to remember how her aunt and her husband were able to include her in their visa to come to the United States. But she does have the memory of her father traveling to Addis Ababa to protest her leaving the country. In the end, her aunt prevailed by convincing him that America was the only chance his fragile and sickly child had to get good medical care. Little did Both know that America would be anything but the Paradise she envisioned.

In the faraway land she found her refuge in art. There was no mud to make little people, so she started drawing cartoons, which she still does today. By seventh grade she was making comics, but she was no ordinary seventh grader. At home she was taking care of her nieces and nephews and this made it hard to concentrate in school. There was no room to complain about the workload of caring for four young children, because she was punished whenever she did.

Nevertheless she was getting by fine in school; she even won a pillow-sewing project and focused her energy on sewing. She enjoyed it so much that by the 9th Grade she was tearing up her old clothes and re-patching them.

“Kids at school would ask where I’d bought my clothes,” she remembers.

She would give any excuse, but mention that she had made the clothes herself. Later a neighbor introduced Both to his mom, Joy Bliek, who taught her how to use a sewing machine and introduced her to numerous sewing patterns.

“We kind of struck a bond,” says Bliek. “She came alive when she came to my place. She was very creative and never used the same pattern twice. She had the talent, all she needed was access. She was like a rose bud just going into blossom.”

But this tender rose was not handled with the same care and affection at home. The aunt and uncle she lived with physically abused her. To escape the violence, Both spent as much of her free time as she could in front of the sewing machine at Bliek’s house. But her absence from the house only led to more abuse from her uncle and aunt, who accused her of avoiding chores and responsibilities to stay out late with boys.

Soon the abuse turned from physical to sexual. Her uncle entered her room when his wife was away at work.

“He would come to my room at around two or three in the morning,” she begins with a wavering voice, as tears roll down her eyes. “He came one day, then the next day, and would do so monthly.”

When she finally gathered courage to speak about the abuse, her aunt quickly dismissed her accusations as lies. She decided to go to another uncle who initially appeared to be friendly, but when he also tried to take advantage of her, she realized she could not trust anyone.

“I was angry with my parents,” she says. “How could they have abandoned me? Is this what they wanted for me?”

Both continued to seek solace at Bliek’s sewing machine to escape the trouble at home. For Christmas in 2003, Bliek surprised her with a brand new sewing machine for a present.

“I was extremely excited!” she recalls.

But the excitement would only last a week. On New Year’s Day, the tension that had been piling between and her uncle came to a climax. They got into a quarrel that prompted him kick her out of the house. She had no one to turn to other than Bliek and her uncle didn’t hesitate to relinquish his official duties as guardian over to Bliek. Bliek and Both were happy with the decision, but after a while Dakota County government officials ruled that Both could not live with Bliek. They moved her to foster care.

Between 2003 and August 2006, Both would live in six different foster homes. Before she could settle down in one home, it was time to move. But into each one of them she moved with her sewing machine. Sewing had become not only her passion, but also a form of therapy as she attempted to cope with her unstable life.

With each home came a new experience, a new challenge. At one home an uncle of her guardian sexually abused her, which led to a long, dragging case in court. As she tried to get justice, members of her community were busy trying to convince her to drop the case to avoid ruining the man’s life. She was so terribly confused that she changed her mind about testifying against the man.

In school she kept up a normal appearance and by the 11th Grade, her talent and friendly nature had won her many friends.

“I watched her grow up and later realized that she is not only my sister, but everyone’s friend,” says Bang Chawich, a close friend of hers. “She is a very nice person, generous and down to earth.”
 
Her cousin Wej Chang agreed.

“She treats everybody the same,” Chang says.

Her attitude also earned her loyal customers especially around prom and homecoming time. She was featured in her high school newsletter for her creative designs. At this time she was also making more ‘hip’ versions of Somali and other traditional African outfits. She likes African fabrics, because they are colorful but she tries to incorporate different styles.

“Younger people want to wear something African, yet more contemporary,” she explains. “I bring the color of African fabric to American fashion.”

Two months into her last year of high school, Both discovered she was pregnant.

“My caseworker freaked out, but I was happy,” she recalls. “I didn’t have anyone before and I was happy to finally have someone.”

She focused on graduating the following June and got all her requirements done by March. In May, she gave birth to a beautiful baby girl, Quianna Chei.

Living conditions in her foster home were unbearable as her guardian incessantly smoked inside the house, unhealthy for baby Quianna, who had asthma. Consequently, Both would every once in a while leave and go to Bliek’s house for a couple of days, much to the chagrin of her guardian and caseworker. By the time she was eighteen she wanted out of foster care. Her caseworker wanted otherwise, fearing that if Both was on her own she would not go to college.

“Had I not fought so hard to prove that I was responsible enough to take care of myself and my baby, I still would be in foster care,” she says.

Having been on her own since August last year, Both admits that it hasn’t been easy, but she is much happier and extremely optimistic about her future. Already this year she has showcased her creations at two major African events, the Miss U.S.A., Minnesota preliminaries and Afrifest, a festival celebrating African culture, held in August.

“Afrifest generated intrigue,” she says excitedly. “The models did a good job and people wanted to see more. The guys were also asking for the men’s fashions.”

She enrolled in fashion classes at Minneapolis Community Technical College and hopes that after two years she will be able to go to New York’s Parsons School of Design.

She isn’t quite sure what to name her clothing line. Maybe she’ll call it Nyamal Both, or her father’s name, Both Dol. Maybe it will have both names. Why not?

But for now, this up-and-coming African fashionista is too busy preparing for the next showcase of her talent to worry about a name yet. On Saturday, Oct. 6, Mall of America will feature her collection as part of Pan-African Investment Summit’s Africa Day at the Mall of America.

Igbanugo Joins Hands with Former ‘Foe,’ Cangemi

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MINNEAPOLIS — Mark A. Cangemi and Herbert A. Igbanugo have a relationship that spans years. They were both involved in the justice system and occasionally shared a roof and sometimes had lunch together. But they were never on the same side.

Cangemi was a Special Agent of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in charge of the Twin Cities Area of Responsibility, which includes the five states of Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa and Nebraska; Igbanugo, the Nigerian-born lawyer, was an immigration defense attorney. That meant that Igbanugo had to fight to win the freedom of some of the people Cangemi’s officers arrested for violation of immigration law.

“Mr. Cangemi and I have fought each other for many, many, years,” Igbanugo says, as Cangemi sits at a desk in his office with his arms crossed, attempting a smile. “But we always fought with mutual respect.”

Over the years that mutual respect led to trust. Igbanugo remembers a case where, following the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, immigration officials went to arrest one of his clients, an Iraqi man suspected of having ties with terrorists. The man called Igbanugo in an apparent attempt to avoid spending a weekend in jail. When Igbanugo called Cangemi saying he knew the man well, and promised to take him to Cangemi’s office the following Monday, Cangemi did not object.

In addition to defending the accused, Igbanugo sued ICE on behalf of some of his clients.

Because Cangemi was the head of the law enforcement arm, he was always named as the defendant. Who won the cases?

“He will tell you differently, but I think I won most of them,” Igbanugo says jokingly and laughs.

Cangemi smiles in a mocking way, but does not say anything.

“But it was never personal,” Igbanugo adds.

Regardless of who won, the two men continued to treat each other with respect. Today, because of the courtesy they accorded each other, they are partners. Cangemi retired after 34 years in law enforcement and in August joined Igbanugo Partners Int’l Law Firm, a minority-controlled company.

For a layman, it might seem like Cangemi crossed over to the other side – to fight his former employer. But he doesn’t think so.

“I never saw the positions as one side or the other,” he says. “It’s more of defending the system with integrity.”

In the American justice system, strong defense is just as important as strong prosecution, says Cangemi. The strength of both ensures balance and therefore people working on either side are not necessarily working against each other, but towards a common goal of justice.

Having worked as a prosecutor, Cangemi say he has a lot to bring to Igbanugo Partners.

Cangemi specializes in business immigration law, corporate compliance, and corporate defense in administrative and criminal enforcement matters related to U.S. immigration laws. But he plans to take a preventive, rather than a defensive, approach.

“Isn’t it much better to encourage people to do things appropriately within the confines of the law so you never get into that position where you have to defend yourself?” he asks.

Cangemi compares the post-Sept. 11 government to a “major hourglass.” He grabs a pen and legal pad and begins to illustrate. He draws an hourglass that covers most of the entire page and scribbles little circles at its brim to represent various federal and local law enforcement agencies that have information-gathering mandate and investigative responsibilities.

“They are all feeding different levels of information,” he says, repeatedly circling the middle of his drawing. “At the section where the hourglass is constricted, that information is being analyzed, distributed, reviewed and coming to the other side.”

His goal will be to ensure that his corporate clients do not fall through the constricted. That, he says, will not only keep the companies out of trouble, but also restore the public’s trust.

Cangemi also plans to get into advising minority entrepreneurs, who he says often find themselves in trouble with the law because they do not understand the U.S. system.

“I look at the United States when I started 34 years ago and it’s not the same country it is today. That’s good, and challenging at the same time,” he says.

His experience will serve him well, says, Igbanugo.

“I couldn’t find a better partner,” Igbanugo says. “He knows the internal workings of the system its agencies. Very few people actually understand the way the U.S. government agencies are interconnected to one another from [Homeland Security], to the FBI, to the Labor Department.”

Cangemi graduated cum laude with a Juris Doctor degree from William Mitchell College of Law in 1992. During his years in the U.S. government he held various positions in the Department of Justice, the former Immigration and Naturalization Service, and the Department of Homeland Security.

Cangemi first joined the INS in 1973 as an Immigration Inspector in Port Huron, Michigan, where he remained until 1975. He then served as an INS Criminal Investigator in Chicago from 1975 to 1985, primarily as an anti-smuggling agent. For his investigative work in the high-profile alien smuggling case, “Operation Gypsy,” Cangemi received the prestigious Newton-Azrak award, and was nominated for the Attorney General’s Award for Excellence in Law Enforcement.

From 1985 to 1988, Cangemi was stationed in Phoenix, Arizona as an anti-smuggling agent and was later promoted to Assistant District Director for anti-smuggling.

In 1988, he was promoted to Assistant District Director for Investigations of the INS office in St. Paul, Minn. In this capacity, Cangemi managed the expansion of the office to include duty posts in Fargo, N.D, and Sioux Falls and Rapid City, S.D.

As Special Agent in Charge, Cangemi coordinated overall enforcement of 400 immigration and customs statutes and oversaw Resident Agents in Charge across the five states. He coordinated investigative and operational law enforcement activities related to document vending, drug smuggling, money laundering, commercial fraud, identity and benefits fraud, national security, strategic crimes, human trafficking, alien smuggling, human rights, and cyber crimes.

His highest profile role in law enforcement was coordinating the arrest of Zacarias Moussaoui, the would-be 20th hijacker of Sept. 11, who was taking flight lessons in Egan, Minn.

Cangemi is married and has two grown children, a daughter and a son.